An Industry of Gatekeepers and Aggregators: The Structure of the...

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2025-12-12 13:10:54 -

An Industry of Gatekeepers and Aggregators: The Structure of the DCB Industry

To fully comprehend the mechanics of paying with a phone bill, it is essential to understand the unique and symbiotic structure of the Direct Carrier Billing Industry. This is not a simple two-sided market but a complex, three-part ecosystem where the mobile network operators (MNOs), the digital merchants, and a crucial layer of technical intermediaries called aggregators all play a vital...

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